嵌入
在某一分句中嵌入另一分句，构成句中句。最常见的情况是：定语从句嵌入宾语从句中、感叹句嵌入宾语从句中、名词性从句嵌入强调句型中。
We are told something. We doubt whether it is true. We are in the habit of raising doubts. We can find the correct answer. We can learn more.
→ If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.
前置
将正常词序下通常较晚出现的成分移至句首，使之处于突出的位置从而受到特殊的强调，这种手段为前置。
I really want to obtain this precious opportunity. I will be able to improve my organizational ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public by offering my service.
→I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, I will be able to improve my organizational ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public.
后置
在遣词造句时将最重要的内容置于句尾，使之处于突出地位，这种手段为后置。故造句时应避免头重脚轻，注意句子结构的匀称。在名词性从句中，借助it作形式主语或形式宾语，将真正的主语或宾语后置；在同位语从句中，主语太长而谓语太短，将同位语从句后置；使用全部倒装，将主语后置。
The test will enhance the examinees consciousness of health. On the contrary it will also be more likely to result in over anxiety. People all said that.
→Its said thatthe test will enhance the examinees consciousness of health, but on the contrary it will also be more likely to result in over anxiety.
同位
对与之同位的名词或短语提供补充说明的成分称之为同位语，可以是一个词也可以是一个完整的句子。为表示同位概念，也可使用连接性状语namely / thats / in other words / such as 等，还可使用破折号表示。
DNA test is a new technique. It is done by analyzing the saliva sample. It appears in the foreign medical industry.
→DNA test, a new technique, which is done by analyzing the saliva sample, appears in the foreign medical industry.
二．内容 “实” 起来
遣词
01
词汇的升级
(1) I think that reading is important.
→ I deem that reading is essential / fundamental.
→ I argue that reading really matters /counts.
→ I maintain that reading is crucial.
→ I hold that reading is significant /primary / critical.
(2) We can look at this problem in many ways.
→ We can view this problem in many facets / aspects / respects.
02
单词和短语巧妙互用
(1) I think that reading is important.
→ I hold the belief thatreading plays an important role inour life.
→ I harbor the opinion thatreading is of vital importance.
→ I hold the position thatreading means agreat deal toour life.
→ I am under the impression thatnothing is morecrucial to our life than reading.
→ From my perspective, reading is toour life what water is tofish.
→ As far as I am concerned, the importance ofreading to our life can never be exaggerated / denied / ignored / doubted.
(2) I will never forget the pleasant experience.
→ The pleasant experience leaves a deep impression onme.
→ The pleasant experience is deeply / firmly rooted inmy memory.
→ The pleasant experience will never be fading from my mind / memory.
(3) I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
→ It is my sincere hope that you will takemy proposals into account /consideration.
(4) Quite a few things caused the traffic accident.
→ Quite a few things triggeredthe traffic accident.
→ Quite a few things gave rise tothe traffic accident.
→ Quite a few things lead to / result inthe traffic accident.
(5) I love reading.
→ I am crazy about / fond of / into /feel likereading.
→ I possess great interest inreading.
→ Reading exertsa tremendous fascination onme.
→ I am obsessed withreading.
→ I am captured byreading.
03
短语的升级
(1) try to do sth
→ take pains to do sth
→do one’s utmost to do sth
→exhaust every effort in one’s power to do sth
→spare no effort to do sth
→ go all out to do sth
If I am lucky enough to be chosen to become a volunteer, I will do my utmost toserve the children in the remote areas.
I will spare no effort tobuild the hope into a bridge between the children in the remote areas and the volunteers like me.
In order to make it a better place forus and children, I will exhaust every effort in my power.
(2) have to
→be forced to do sth
→be obliged to do sth
→ have no choice but to do sth
→have no alternative but to do sth
Some poor students have to do some part-time jobs to earn money in order to continue their education.
Some poverty-strickenstudents have no choice but to dosome part-time jobs to earn money in order to continue their education.
造句
01
吸引眼球的定语从句
找准信息的最佳结合点，在某一关键信息词后接定语从句，以此将简单句压缩，实现巧妙 “嫁接”。
(1) Chaplin was a famous director. He directed a number of films, and most of them were silent. They were popular with people.
→Chaplin, whowas a distinguisheddirector, directed a sea offilms, most of whichwere silent and appealed topeople of all ages.
(2) After all the guests got up and left, half of the dishes were left untouched, and this result was out of my expectation.
→After all the guests got up and left, half of the dishes were left untouched, whichwas out of my expectation.
(3) Take Abraham Lincoln, for example. He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited education. Yet through his painstaking effort, he changed not only his own fate but also the history of America. Even to this day, Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world.
→Take Abraham Lincoln, whowas born in a poor family, for example, he only received a limited education, but through his painstaking effort, he changed not only his own fate but also the history of America, whichalso made him one of the most inspiring figures in the world even to this day.
→…but through his painstaking effort, not only didhe change his own fate, but he also transformed the history of America…
(4) The girl is spoken highly of, for her composition is well written.
→ The girl, whosecomposition is well written, is spoken highly of.
→ The reason whythe girl is spoken highly of is thather composition is well written.
→ It isbecause her composition is well written thatthe girl is spoken highly of.
(5) In that picture, three students are sitting around the table. There are three books on it.
→ Asis vividly shown in the picture, around the table on whichare three books are seated three students.
→ Aswe can see from the picture, around the table withthree books on it are seated three students.
02
灵活好用的名词性从句
根据意义需要巧妙地将其中的一个简单句融为另一个简单句的句子成分，从而实现两个简单句的完美对接。
(1) He said a lot at the meeting. His words were very attractive.
→ What he saidat the meeting was exceedingly appealing.
→ It iswhat he said at the meeting thatwas exceedingly appealing.
(2) We fear fear.
→ Whatwe have to fear is fear itself.
→ It isfear itself that we have to fear.
(3) Our women volleyball team had won the championship. The news encouraged us all greatly.
→ The news thatour women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.
→ Thatour women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.
→ Itwas extremely inspiringthatour women volleyball team had won the championship.
→ All of us were greatly heartenedby the news that our women volleyball team had won the championship.
→ Whatour women volleyball team had won greatly heartenedus all.
→ All of us were greatly inspiredby what our women volleyball team had won.
→ It isthe news thatour women volleyball team had won the championship thatencouraged us all greatly.
(4) Not your money, but you interest me most.
→ Whatinterests me most is not your money but you.
→ It isnot your money, but you thatappeal to me most.
I love not your body, but your soul.
→ WhatI love is not your body, but your soul.
→ It isnot your body, but your soul thatI love.
03
富有文采的状语从句
依据前后逻辑关系使用从属连词将简单句连接起来。注意要点间的关联，防止强拉硬扯。
(1) He heard the news. The Chinese women’s football team beat the US team. He was so happy that he could not go to sleep.
→ When / Instantly / Immediately / Directlyhe heard the news that the Chinese women’s football team beat the US team, he was so happy that he could not go to sleep.
→ (Upon / On) hearingthe news that the Chinese women’s football team beat the US team, so happy was he thathe could not go to sleep.
→ The moment /minute / instanthe heard the news that the Chinese women’s football team beat the US team, so happy washe thathe could not go to sleep.
(2) If I had the chance, I would make donations to orphans eager to gain future success through learning.
→ Given / Considering / Seeing thatI had the chance, I would make donations to orphans eager to gain future success through learning.
→ Providing / Provided / Suppose / Supposing thatI had the chance, I would make donations to orphans eager to gain future success through learning.
→ I would make donations to orphans eager to gain future success through learning on condition thatI had the chance.
(3) Though he is a children, he is learned.
→ Whilehe is a child, he is learned.
→ Childas / thoughhe is, he is learned.
(4) All the fish in the river did not die out until the villagers realized how serious the problem is.
→ Not untilall the fish in the river did die out did the villagers realize how serious the problem is.
→ It is not untilall the fish in the river did die out thatthe villagers realized how serious the problem is.
04
非谓语和“独立”是一家
(1) The teacher walked out of the lab, and some students followed him
→ The teacher walked out of the lab, (with) some students following him.
→ The teacher, followedby some students, walked out of the lab.
(2) When false is taken for true, true becomes false.
→ Withfalse taken for true, true becomes false.
→ False taken for true, true becomes false.
(3) I thought that his solution might be wrong. I carefully analyzed the problem. I tried to work it out in a different way.
→ Thinking that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.
05
修辞手法不可少
(1) To finish the work ahead of time, they have been busy recently.
→ To accomplish the work ahead of time, they have been as busy as a beerecently.
(2) Beijing held the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games successfully at August 8th, .
→ August 8th, sawBeijing holding the opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games successfully.
(3) We must take effective measures to handle / tackle the problem.
→ Effective measures must be takento handle / tackle theproblem.
(4) Of the two, I think the latter is the better.
→ Of the two, the latter winsmy favor.
(5) Reading can enrichour mind, enlargeour horizons, and matureour personality.
Humor help us bearour burdens, lessen our tension, overcomeourfrustration, relaxourselves, and makelife easier.
Many students, if not most, find it impossible to resist the temptation to indulge themselves in playinggames, enjoying romance with girls, or killingtime passively in the dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records less impressive.
06
仿写——似是而非
(1) A is to B what / as C is to D
A book is to the mind what food is to the body.
A positive attitude is to life what the sun is to the earth.
Honesty is to the people as life is to the creature.
Cleanness is to the can teen what water is to the fish.
(2) Helen is the most beautiful girl.
→ Helen is one of the most beautiful girls.
→ Helen is one of the most beautiful girls that I have ever seen.
→ No one is more beautiful than Helen in the world.
Nothing is more important thanhealth, because without good health, we would have nothing, including happiness.
Nothing is more important than honesty, because without honesty, we would have nothing, including love and even success.
Nothing is more important thanfriends, because without friends, we would have nothing, including happiness.
(3) Dream never fails to enable us to be a better pilot of our life.
Diligence never fails toenable us to be a better pilot of languages.
Love never fails toenable us to be a better pilot of our family.
A sincere heart never fails toenable us to be a better pilot of our friends.
Women are usually attracted by beautiful clothes.
Beautiful clothes always catch women’s eyes.
Beautiful clothes never fail tofascinate women.
Ads never fail toexert a tremendous fascination on people.
Exams never fail toexert tremendous pressure on us students.
A reasonable educational system never fail toexert a positive in fluence on our country.
